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|T 485 
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1901 
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BY 






^^ BUCH AWAH ^1^ 

^^'^ DIRECTOR: '<^^'"*^ 
GENERAL 






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REPRINTED BY 
PERMISSIOM OF 
COLUER-S WEEKLY 



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ICLE, BY WILLIAM I 

^, DIRECTOR - GENERAL 

r PRINTED IN COLLIER'S 

ECEMBER I, 1900, AND BY 

""nT of the PUBLISHERS 

UT INTO SEPARATE 

ISSUED BY ORDER OF 

OF DIRECTORS OF THE 

RICAN EXPOSITION 



/ 



V 



/ 






THE PAN-AMERICAN 
EXPOSITION 








<^m 




repub- Reciprocal 
^ Opportunities 

lies and countries of Central and 




South America fully realized to 
how great an extent misinforma- 
tion with regard to their several 
countries exists in the United 
States and Canada, the Pan-American Exposition 
would be taxed beyond its limit to provide space 
for the exhibits that would come from those coun- 
tries to enlighten the people of the United States 
and Canada concerning their neighbors to the 
southward. If, on the other hand, the people of 
the United States and Canada knew to any appre- 
ciable degree of the wide opportunities for the 
profitable investment of money and energy which 
oflfer themselves in Central and South America they 
would not require such exhibits to awaken their 
interest, nor would such opportunities long remain 
unknown or unpossessed. 

The ideal had in view by those who planned the An international 

■n A . -r^ . . 1 , . "Information 

Pan-American Exposition, and toward the accom- Clearing House" 
plishment of which nothing is being left undone 
that energy and effort can bring about or suggest, 
is that in all that appertains to the industrial and 
intellectual development of the countries of the 



Entertainment 



Western Hemisphere the Pan-American Exposition 
shall occupy the position of a great International 
^' Information Clearing House." While interesting 
millions as a beautiful spectacle, it will afiford an 
opportunity to the peoples of the three Americas 
to become better acquainted with each other, 
and it will prove a very prominent factor, too, in 
developing a proper and just appreciation in each 
country of the industrial wants and trade possibili- 
ties of their neighboring countries of the Western 
Hemisphere. 

While their view of the duty and task imposed 
upon them in this regard has been broad, the gen- 
erosity and public spirit of the promoters and man- 
agement of the Exposition in providing for the 
setting of the Exposition a magnificent, fairy-like 
spectacle in landscape and building effects, and, in 
arranging for the sumptuous, intellectual enter- 
tainment of visitors within the grounds, has been 
broader. It is safe, I believe, to now risk the asser- 
tion that as a result of all this the verdict of those 
who visit Buffalo next summer will be that in cer- 
tain phases, and in not a few, the Pan-American 
Expostion will be justly entitled to rank in history 
as the most beautiful and successful of American 
Expositions. 



9. 



li 



l4/yi'<it 



No one who has approached the subject of Indus- X\® J^iprovement 

. , . \ -r ° Industrial 

trial Pan-America seriously believes that the artin- Pan-America 
cial trade conditions now existing between Canada, 
the different Central and South American republics, 
and the United States — as they affect and restrict 
commerce and communication between the dif- 
ferent countries — can long continue. Nor can it 
be controverted that great changes for the better 
in these regards have taken place during the past 
few years. Indeed, a greater advance has been 
made during the past ten years in the countries of 
the Western Hemisphere, in all that counts for the 
better, than during the fifty years preceding. This 
statement, made broadly, can be verified in detail. 
It applies to everything that has tended toward 
stability of government; toward the betterment 
and improvement of the people of the different 
countries ; toward the building up therein of per- 
manent national wealth, and in the direction of 
utilizing to a greater degree than heretofore the 
products and resources of these countries. 

It is true that exceptions to this statement can J^^ Response of 

. . Ill Commerce to the 

be easily pomted out, but, broadly speaking, it will Guaranty of 
bear investigation, and will be found to be correct. Government 
For example, Vv^ith few exceptions the seemingly 
unending boundary disputes — all of which, by the 



way, came down from the old Spanish regime as 
an inheritance, and which have been for seventy 
years the source of untold expense, and of constant 
irritation and oft-threatened war between practically 
all of the republics of Central and South America 
— have been amicably concluded. The closing 
days of the century find that chief source of trouble 
in Latin America happily reduced to a compara- 
tively small point. It is but just to these republics 
to say in this connection that due credit should be 
given them for the fact that in reaching this result 
they have consistently recognized the theory of 
arbitration to be the proper and true method by 
which such international disputes may be solved. 
To-day no boundary difficulty of any kind affects 
the peace of the east coast of South America, and 
but two such questions are still to be adjusted upon 
the west coast. Stable government, well adminis- 
tered, has been reached in very many of the repub- 
lics south of us. In some — notably in those toward 
the extreme south of the continent — the most 
striking and rapid advances imaginable have been 
made during the past ten years in their material 
development and in the prosperity of their people. 
Examples of This has been especially true of the Argentine 
Chili Republic and of Chili. Fifty years ago the latter 



supplied flour to the entire west coast of South, 
Central, and even to that of North America. The 
development of California and Oregon, however, 
changed this, and to-day the latter not only supply 
their own wants, but as well a large section of Cen- 
tral and part of western South America with bread- 
stuffs. ChiU, on her part, has become the world's 
nitrate producer, and, notably so, in copper, while 
her vineyards have increased with each year. 

In the Argentine Republic the changes that have Advancement of 

^ ^ . , the Argentine 

occurred are even more strikmg, because they Republic 
relate to things with which we of the United States 
and Canada are more familiar. It is, for example, 
relatively speaking, but a few years since the 
United States were shipping flour to the Argentine 
Republic and to Uruguay. To-day, as a result of 
the immigration that has poured into those repub- 
lics, but principally into the first country, and as a 
result of the application of North American farm 
machinery to the great alluvial basin of the River 
Plate, the Argentine RepubHc alone exports to 
Europe thirty-five million bushels of wheat and 
half that amount of maize each year. Not content 
with having thus become the competitor of the 
United States and Canada in the Old World in the 
exportation of breadstuffs, the same repubHc has 



A World's also bccome their competitor — and a strong: and 

Market on the . . -^ ^ 

River Plate growing one, too — in the exportation of meat 
products. Few have any idea of the growth of this 
industry in the River Plate republics. Thirty years 
ago Great Britain imported less than three hundred 
thousand pieces of frozen mutton. Indeed, that 
was the beginning of that industry. To-day there 
are killed, frozen and exported to Europe each 
day from the province of Buenos Ayres alone, in 
the Argentine Republic, thirteen thousand car- 
casses of as good mutton as the world can produce, 
while innumerable square miles of alfalfa fields dot 
the republic and furnish rice, cheap fattening 
material for the thirty million or more of cattle 
possessed by the country. 

The advantages the people of the United States 
and Canada might obtain by grasping the true 
meaning of the above facts would appear to be 
many, and their value very great. 
Meat^p?o°da'^tio°Q ^^ ^^^Y would, for instance, but realize the signifi- 
cance of the one fact, that a well-bred, fat steer 
can be and is being produced in the Argentine 
Republic and exported to England at a total ex- 
pense at least fifteen dollars less than it is possible 
to do the same thing, in either the United States 
or Canada — while a greater advantage lies with 



Interests 



the producer of River Plate mutton — they would 
realize the strong appearance of probability to the 
often-quoted statement made by some that the not 
distant future would bring River Plate mutton to 
our tables in the United States. 

Many public men in South America believe this North America 
will occur, reasoning, as they do, that the condi- Manufacturing^ 
tions in the United States are such, and their 
development in manufactures so pronounced, that 
it can be looked upon as altogether probable that 
within the next ten years meat will be profitably 
exported to the United States from the great cattle 
zones of South America; they also believe that 
the turn of the tide that has carried the United 
States into the position of a lender of money rather 
than a borrower will then carry the well-known 
aggressiveness and zeal of American financiers and 
industrial operators into South America, where a 
highly profitable field would be found for the em- 
ployment of capital in the development of many of 
the smaller industries now in existence there, and in 
the consolidation and operation on a large scale of 
the meat-producing plants there, and in the hand- 
ling of breadstufTs and all their related industries. 

Millions of acres of tillable land, in an excellent 
climate, with every facility except immediate trans- 



The Most Fertile portation, await those who will seriously look for it 
i^ds"dfThi in South and Central America; and it was the 
^°^**^ earnest wish and purpose of those who formulated 
and planned the Pan-American Exposition that in 
all the above fields they might, through the Expo- 
sition, do something tangible toward bringing to 
all a better knowledge than now exists concerning 
the countries of the Western Hemisphere, and 
that there might result from the Exposition some- 
thing of value in the direction of a wider dissemin- 
ation of that practical knowledge of our surround- 
ings and of our future industrial outlook so much 
desired by all of us, and so essential to a proper 
realization on our own part of the problems of 
trade and of commerce that are in store for us 
and for our children to solve ; that through it the 
people of the Western Hemisphere might more 
clearly appreciate than they now do the enormous 
resources of the Western Hemisphere and the 
possibilities it contains for the building up of an 
enormous industrial empire, containing, as it does, 
the most fertile agricultural lands of the world 
toward both extremities of the hemisphere, with 
minerals and forests adjacent in either section, with 
great navigable waterways in both North and South 
America, and with a central zone capable of pro- 



ducing to an unlimited degree all the tropical and 
sub-tropical products known to or used by man. 

The Pan-American Exposition was not, there- 
fore, either entirely or largely born of a selfish 
desire on the part of the people of the State of 
New York, and of Buffalo primarily, to draw atten- 
tion to anything they possess, nor to acquire, wholly, 
local prestige and benefit from the undertaking. 
The location of the Exposition was fixed at Buffalo 
by reason of the fact that the courage of the people 
of that city and their public spirit and faith in their 
ability to finance and produce an International Ex- 
position, which should be confined to the Western 
Hemisphere, was strong enough to convince Con- 
gress that the work would be well done, and hence 
the location was decided upon. 

This step having been taken and the die thus 
cast, Buffalo has risen equal to the occasion, and 
has subscribed millions of money, and as a city, 
there have been sunk, in one common purpose to 
succeed, all personal and sectional jealousies and 
ambitions. 

A splendid location was selected for the Exposi- 
tion, in which there is included a large part of the 
city's great and famously beautiful park; and, from 
the time that was done, up to the present moment. 



No Narrow 
Purpose in the 
Exposition 



What Buffalo 
Has Done 



The Exposition 

An Enchanting 

Picture 



Superb Location the interest and energy manifested, and the strong 

and Popular , 111 

Interest in the intent to succced in every way shown by the people 

Preparation . . '' ^ i-ii 

of the City in their great undertaking, has been 
focused upon and centred in the work now nearing 
completion. The extent to which this interest has 
been shown can be gauged from the fact that on 
several recent Sundays twenty thousand people 
have passed through the wagon gates to the grounds, 
in order that they might see how the work of con- 
structing the Exposition buildings was progressing. 
In its architectural qualities and outlines the 
Exposition pays the republics of South and Central 
America the highest compliment possible, since in 
the character and design of its buildings there will 
be placed before the visitor the most perfect, the 
most beautiful, and the most enchanting picture of 
Spanish architectural memories that has ever been 
presented in any country or place, while in its nat- 
ural attractions and in the loveliness of its lake 
and forest and flower setting, the Exposition as a 
picture will be a source of gladness and delight 
and a pride as well to every one who visits it. 
Those who have its direction and management are 
doing everything within their power to bring 
together about these central, salient points, those 
finishing, connecting links of fountains of brilliant 



r 



lighting effects, of music, of gardens, of entertain- 
ments, and of novelty, which go so far toward 
making up the real life of a great Exposition. 

As this is being written — six months previous to interest and 

. . , ° -^ . . ..,.., Co-operation of 

the openmg of the exposition — it is distinctly grat- au America 
ifying to the people of Buffalo and of the State of 
New York to be able to realize, as they do, that 
their efforts in the work of building up and arrang- 
ing the groundwork of the Exposition have been 
warmly seconded on every hand ; and that the dis- 
couragements they have met with, and the difficul- 
ties they have had to overcome, have but more 
closely accentuated and made apparent the merit 
of their undertaking and brought to them the un- 
sought praise and hearty applause of their fellow 
citizens of the United States, while the prominent 
and praiseworthy activity being shown in Mexico, 
Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Honduras, 
Ecuador, Peru, Chili, Bolivia, the Argentine Re- 
public and in Cuba, in all that relates to the par- 
ticipation of those countries in the Exposition, is 
most encouraging and presages a brilliant outcome. 
To this there is to be added the widespread interest 
now manifested in the Exposition, in Canada, in 
Jamaica, in Guadeloupe, in Porto Rico, in Hawaii, 
and in the Philippines. 



The Bright With thesc factors to work from there would 

Ontlook 

seem to be a bright outlook ahead for a successful 
outcome, and a realization to some degree of the 
sentiments underlying the Exposition. With but 
few exceptions, the States are cordially and enthu- 
siastically interested in the Exposition, and will 
participate, and they are joining heartily in the 
efforts to make it in its success consistent with the 
ideas held by those who formulated its plans, and 
such as will amply and fully justify the pride, faith 
and confidence of the people who first took up and 
encouraged by every means within their power the 
holding of a Pan-American Exposition — at a seem- 
ingly most appropriate place — within earshot, as it 
is, of the World's greatest cataract, and amid the 
truly marvellously wonderful applications of the 
unlimited power now being transmitted from that 
great leap of waters. 
A Broader J have giveu scvcral reasons why it seemed that 

Understanding => ■^ 

Between the an Opportune moment had been reached to hold a 

Americas " . 

Pan-American Exposition, and also why the people 
of the Western Hemisphere should be interested 
in and learn much of great advantage to them from 
such a bringing together of the resources of the 
Americas as it is contemplated and desired to do. 
Many other reasons could be given why a broader, 



more rational, better understood and more com- 
mon-sense Pan-American sentiment should exist 
between the people of the three Americas than is 
now apparent, and as to why the suspicion con- 
cerning the attitude of the United States toward 
them that has lain not wholly or always dormant in 
the Latin American republics should be wiped out 
for all time. Among these would be the building 
of an isthmian canal ; the possibility of a continental 
railway some day connecting the two ends of the 
hemisphere; the benefits and advantages in our 
relations with Latin America that are certain to 
follow the assimilation among us of the Spanish 
language since the Spanish war, which is now going 
on in every direction, and the striking changes our 
relations and business dealings and contact with 
Porto Rico, Cuba and the Philippines will bring 
about. These are all factors and things of interest 
and value to all the people of the Western Hemi- 
sphere, and each and all will be aided and benefited 
to some degree in every way by the holding of the 
Pan-American Exposition. 

If this international enterprise shall therefore do Results**^ 
aught in any of the directions I have indicated, and 
if it shall in addition, or as a result, to any degree 
add something to the ^'better acquaintance'' stock 



LIBRPRY OF CONGRESS 



000 207 799 1 



of the people of the Western Hemisphere, and 
thus tend to bring to them all a more accurate 
knowledge than they now possess of each other's 
needs and opportunities, and a truer appreciation 
of their industrial interdependence upon each 
other, it will not have been created in vain. 




